And the like



(Ne Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

T. ROWAN. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING BUILDINGS, SHIPS,VESSELS, RAILWAY GAR RIAGES, AND THE LIKE.

N0. 272,158. Patented Feb. 13,1883.

(N0,Mode1.)' 2Sheets-Sheet 2.

T. ROWAN.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR VHNTILATING BUILDINGS, SHIPS, VESSELS,RAILWAY GARRIAGES, AND THE LIKE.

No. 272,158. Patented Feb. 13,1883.

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. UNITED STATES.

PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS ROWAN, 0F LoNnoN, ENGLAND.

' METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING BUILDINGS, SHIPS, VE SSELS,RAILWAY-CARRIAGES,

AND THE LIKE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 272,158, dated February13, 1883.

Application filed November 3, 1882. (No model.) Patented in 'EnglandJanuary 13, 1881, No. 169.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS ROWAN, a subject of the Queen of GreatBritain, residing at London, England, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Apparatus for Ventilating Buildings, Ships, Vessels,Railway-Garriages, and the like, (for which I have obtained a patent inEngland, No. 162,bcaring date the .l3th day of January, 1581, and sealedJuly 12, 1881,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for ventilatingbuildings, ships, vessels, railway-carriages, and the like, and isdesigned to insure aconstant and regularsupply of fresh, dry, andpurified or disinfected (or otherwise heated) air, with means forejecting the vitiated or impure air.

To make my invention' better understood, I

will proceed to describe the same by reference to the accompanyingdrawings.

Figure l is a sectional elevation of an apparatus for ventilatingbuildings, chambers, 850.; Fig. 2, a transverse section of the airinletbox; Fig. 2, a transverse section of "an air-inlet box for holding coke,&c., on shelves; Fig. 3, ave'rtical section (enlarged)of ejectionpipeand its cowl; and Figs. 4, 4, sectional elevations showing the pipes andair-inlets diii'erently disposed. Figs. 5 and 6 show two opposite fixedcowls.

In Sheet 2,Figs. 1 and 2 show an arrangement for purifyingthe airadmitted to railwaycarriages.

Fig. 1, Sheet 1, isa sectional elevationshowing the arrangement forcarrying out my invention for ventilating a building, hall, chamher, orthe like. In this figure, A represents a building. An air-inlet isprovided in any suitable position near the roof or ceiling. This inletopens into what I call an air-inlet box, 13. (Shown also in detachedtransverse section at Fig. 2, Sheet 1.) This air-inlet box has twodivisions, the outer and larger division, a, containin g coke saturatedwith any suitable solution, and serving either to absorb moisture or todestroy infusoria. The other and smaller division, I), of the box may befilled with dry charcoal, limestone, or other suitable material whichwill absorb moisture, the box being'provided with a tray, 0, forcollecting any solu t'ion which may drain from the coke or othersaturated material, the bottom being perforated for this purpose. Thesides of the box B are also partly perforated, as shown, to allow of thefree passage of the air; or the air-inlet box may be constructed asshown in Fig. 2, in which the coke and other reagents may be placed onperforated shelves or trays, the air passing through the box' beforeentering the building in the direction shown by the arrows.

From any suitable position-such as at 0, near the floor of the buildingor chamberpasses a shaft or pipe, D, (which I call the ejectingshaftorpipe,) extending above the roof, where it is provided with acow], E, preferably one constructed as hereinafter described,and shown'in section at Fig. 3, for producing an induced current up the shaft orpipe D; or in some cases the cowl may be dispensed with. An air-inletshaft, F, is also provided, the lower end of which passes into thebuilding just under the lower open end, d, of thehereinbefor'e-described ejecting shaft or pipe D, a nozzle, G, at theend of the said air-inlet pipe 'F opening into the lower end of theejecting shaft or pipe I), as shown, the upper end of the same beingprovided or not with a cowl.

The-cowl which I prefer to employ for the ejecting shaftor pipe D isshown in section in Fig. 3, and is constructed of a horizontal tube, 1H,into'one end of which is fitted a hollow truncated cone, 1, with thebase outward, it

being'essential that the inner end of the coneshallonly extend partiallyacross the upshaft, the cowl being constructed to allow it to revolve inthe usual manner, so that the base of the cone shall always be presentedto the wind.

By my improved arrangement, hereinbefore described, and represented inFigs. 1, 2, and 3, Sheet 1 of the drawings, it will be understood thatthe outer air entering the building orroom through the air-inlet box Bwill be purified and dried in passing through the chambers a and b bythe coke and charcoal, (or other materials respectively containedtherein, as hereinbefore described,) and the vitiated air will beejected through the air-ejecting shaft or pipe Dby the combined actionof the air-inlet pipe F and entering the air-inlet box, may be caused tocowl E, or by the action of the air-inlet pipe alone when no cowl isemployed.

In some cases the air-ejecting shaft; or pipe may pass from near theroof of the building, as represented in Fi 4, in which the letters referto corresponding parts to those shown in Figs. 1 and 2, Sheet 1, and ittherefore needs no further description. In all cases more than onenozzle air-inlet pipe may be employed where it is desirable to increasethe current and injectingforce up theejecting-shaft. Such an arrangementis shown in Fig. 4; or air may be mechanically forced or blown throughthe air-injection pipe with or without an induced current in theejection-shaft.

7 My improvements may be applied to compartments of ships or ,vessels,railway-cars, provision chambers, dairies, slaughter-houses and thelike, and the air being caused to pass through suitable antiseptics inthe air-inlet box will allow of meat and other perishable articles beingcarried or stored for a comparatively long period of timewithoutdeterioration. 'lhe ventilation of shipscargoes may be readilyeffected by placing my improved ventilating-shafts and air-injectors atvarious intervals and depths in the cargo, and they may be provided witha suitable cowl; or the air may be forced through the injector by meansof a fan or blower, or otherwise.

My improvements are also specially applicable to hospitals, where theair is sometimes iequired to be rendered moist or otherwise treated, inwhich case the air-inlet box is provided with a steam-jet, or suitablycharged to produce the required medicinal or other effeet. The air fromthe interiorot' the hospital may be likewise disinfected or treated by anumber of ejecting-shafts being led from the building into a chambersimilar to that described in the specification of improvements in themethod of and apparatus for ventilating sewers and drains and fortreating the gases therefrom, for which I have applied for LettersPatent, when it may. be treated similarly to sewer-gas to destroy theinfectious germs. By this arrangement one cowl may be employed forseveral shafts, instead of one cowl being required for each shaft.Further, to dissipate fog, or in cold weather, the air, before passthrough suitably-heated pipes, and in hot weather the pipes may becooled.

Fig. 5 is an end view, and Fig. 6 is a section, of a suitableconstruction of apparatus for ventilating railway-carriages. A is theroof of the railwaycarriage, and D is the airejecting shaft, which inthis case is not provided with revolving cowls; but the cowl is fixed,and is open at each end, so as to produce an upward current of air ineither direction of travel of the carriage. F F are the airinjectors,two in number, opening in opposite directions one to the other, so thata downward current will be produced while the carriage is traveling ineither direction; or the apparatus may be placed near the bottom of thecarriage, in which case the pipe D would be turned upward into thecarriage.

Figs. 1 and 2,Sheet 2, show an arrangement of air-inlet box suitable forpurilying the air admitted to railway-carriages. The air is forced bythe onward motion of the carriage into the air-channels P, and passesinto the chamber Q, containing coke or other porous material, which iskept saturated with water or other liquid. From thence the air passesthrough the gratingltdown through thechamber S, which is tilled withcoke or other suitable porous material, and through the perforatedbottom into the chamber'l, provided with anysuitable purifying orabsorbing agent, and

thence the purified air passes into the car-- riage U.

Having thus described the nature of the said invention and the bestmeans with which I am acquainted for carrying the same into effect, whatI claim is- In combination, the ejection-pipe D, open at its lower end,the air-inlet shaft F, with its tapering nozzle G, discharging into thelower end of said ejection pipe D, and one or more perforated boxes, B,provided with a partition and supplied with a saturated reagent, andalso with an absorbent of moisture, all substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

THOMAS ROWAN.

Witnesses:

A. ALBUT'r, B. BRADY.

